Te repo me ngā tuaiwi-kore noho whenua
He aha tēnei mea, te tuaiwi-kore noho whenua? He aha te wāhi nui ki ēnei hanga i te taiao?
Ko te tuaiwi-kore, he rauropi noho whenua, karekau ōna tuaiwi, arā, karekau he kōiwi e rere tāhuhu ana i te tuarā. He wāhi nui kei ēnei hanga iti e hauora ai te pūnaha hauropi. Mā rātou e taurite ai, e tautika ai te whakapapa o te pūnaha me te taiao, mā roto i ēnei tūmomo mahi nei:
ngā mahi wāwāhi oneone (ko ngā noke me ētahi atu hanga pakupaku noho ki te oneone kei te kawe ake i tēnei mahi)
te tāmi i ētahi taupori pepeke kei te whakararu i ngā tipu, i ētahi atu rauropi, tae atu ki te tangata
te ruirui i te hae ki ngā momo tipu māori huhua (ko ētahi ngaro māori, ko ētahi pepe, me te pī arero-poto kei te kawe ake i ēnei mahi)
te noho hei kai mā te ika māori, te manu māori me ētahi atu momo māori.
Pāpapa (Physolaesthus insularis)
He pītara māori noho whenua te pāpapa (he tātaka kē ki ētahi, ko Physolaesthus insularis tana ingoa pūtaiao). Ka kitea nuitia i te repo o Whangamarino, ka mutu he wāhi nui kei a ia e hauora ai te pūnaha hauropi.
He tūhura i ngā tuaiwi-kore noho whenua o Whangamarino, i Waikato
He kupu whānui
Kei te taha raki o Waikato te Repo o Whangamarino, kei waenganui i Mercer me Te Kauwhata, i te taha rāwhiti o te Huarahi Matua 1. E kapi ana tētahi 7,000 heketea i ōna repo, i ōna wharu, i ōna whenua hakahaka e karapoti ana i ngā awa o Whangamarino me Maramarua. Kotahi anake te kōreporepo rahi ake i tēnei i Te Ika-a-Māui. Waihoki, nō te tau 1989 ka tohua te Repo o Whangamarino hei Wāhi Ramsar – e mea ana koia tētahi o ngā repo puiaki o te ao.
Nā ētahi o ngā mahi kua kawea i te Repo o Whangamarino i ngā tau tata nei, ka puta ake ētahi māharahara i ētahi rōpū Māori. Ko tētahi o ngā āwangawanga, ko ngā pānga kino pea o te glyphosate ka whakamahia hei patu i te whiro kiwikiwi (Salix cinerea) ki ngā tuaiwi-kore noho whenua. He tino kai aua tuaiwi-kore mā ngā momo e āta kīia ana he taonga, pērā i te tuna (ngāi Anguilla). Hei urupare ki tēnei ngā āwangawanga, hei tūhura hoki i ngā pānga whānui ake ki ngā tini hononga i waenga i ngā tuaiwi-kore o te whenua kōreporepo, ka tahuri ētahi kairangahau o Manaaki Whenua ki te tirotiro ka pēheatia ngā tuaiwi-kore e noho ana ki te kōuru o te whiro, ina tukua te glyphosate hei patu i aua whiro.
Te Tukanga
Ka kawea he rangahau i te repo i te kotahi tau i mua i te tukunga o te glyphosate, hei kohi raraunga paetīmata mō ngā taupori tuaiwi-kore e noho ana ki reira.
E toru atu anō ngā wā i kohia ai he raraunga: (1) i te wā i tukuna ai te wairehu patu otaota ki ngā whiro; (2) wā āhua poto – i te 27 rā i muri i te tukunga o te patu otaota; (3) wā roa ake – i te 2 tau i muri i te tukunga o te patu otaota.
He mea kohi ngā raraunga i ngā wāhi i tukuna ai te wairehu me ētahi wāhi hoki kāore i tukuna he wairehu ki reira (ka noho ngā wāhi tuarua nei hei whakatina).
Ka kōwhiria ko ngāi pītara hei ‘tohu-koiora’, i te mea ko ngā pītara tētahi ōrau nui o te matahuhuatanga koiora o ngā tuaiwi-kore – kei ngā paparanga kai katoa, ā, he maha ngā momo nōhanga e nōhia ana e rātou.
Ngā kōrero i hua ake i te tūhuratanga
Ngā urupare a te hapori pītara ki ngā mahi patu whiro
Ki te tika te kaha o te glyphosate, te āhua nei kāore he pānga hāngai ki ngā hanga tuaiwi-kore e noho ana ki ngā rākau whakaruru.
Ko te tā Tūtohi 1 e whakaatu mai ana:
I te wā i tukuna ai te wairehu (1), kāore kau he tohu i hemo ētahi tuaiwi-kore e noho ana ki te kōuru o ngā whiro i taua wā.
Engari i te wā āhua poto i muri (2), arā, i te 27 rā i muri i te tukunga o te wairehu, kua kaha mate ngā rau o te kōuru o te whiro kiwikiwi. Kua heke anō hoki te maha o ngā tuaiwi-kore e noho ana ki ngā wāhi i tukuna ai te wairehu patu otaota ki reira, ina whakaritea ki te maha e noho ana ki ngā wāhi wairehu kore.
Te rerekē haere o te nōhanga i te repo o Whangamarino i te takanga o te wā
Ki te patua ngā rākau urutā, he āwhina tonu pea tērā i te hokinga mai o ngā hapori tuaiwi-kore e tika ana kia noho mai ki te repo māori.
E kitea ana i te Tūtohi 2:
Kotahi tau i muri i te tukunga o te wairehu, kua kore te koūru whiro, kua paku turakina anō ngā otaota māori, ā, kua kaha hoki te tupu o ngā tarutaru ka pihi ake i ia tau.
I muri i te 2 tau, kua tū kaha mai anō ngā tipu māori ki te hapori tipu nei.
I te huringa o te āhua o ngā tipu, ka piki haere anō te maha o ngā tuaiwi-kore, tae atu ki ngā wehenga pītara katoa, atu i ngā mea kai toenga whakapopo.
Te whakamāoritanga o ngā kōrero nei
Ki te whakamahia te glyphosate, i runga anō i te kaha e taunakitia ana, te āhua nei kāore he pānga arorangi ki ngā tuaiwi-kore e noho ana ki te kōuru o te whiro
Te āhua nei i kaha ake tō rātou noho papa i te āhua o ngā tipu e tū tonu ana hei whakaruruhau mō rātou. I te korenga o ngā rau i te kōuru hei nōhanga mō rātou, e whakapaetia ana i hūnuku ngā tuaiwi-kore ki te kimi nōhanga hou i ngā wāhi kōreporepo e pātata ana.
E pai ana te āta patu i ngā tipu urutā hei ara whakahoki i ngā hapori tuaiwi-kore o ngā repo māori ki te āhua o mua. Engari e toitū ai ngā hua o tēnei tūmomo kaupapa, me ngā whakapapa o te repo:
me mātua aukati te hokinga mai o te whiro kiwikiwi ki tēnei pūnaha hauropi
me āta whakamahere, me āta tautoko hoki te whakahokinga mai o te nōhanga tipu māori ki tōna āhua o mua.
He kōrero kōpūtahi
E tūhono ana tēnei kōrero ki Te whiro – he hoa rānei, he hoariri rānei? me Ngā ika meroiti me te repo.
He whakamihi
I pūtakea mai tēnei mātaitanga i ētahi kōrero i titoa e Cheri van Schravendijk-Goodman (Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi, Ngāti Apa, Ngāti Rangi) rātou ko Corinne Watts (Manaaki Whenua), ko Yvonne Taura (Ngāti Tūwharetoa), ko Ian Duggan (Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato) mō te pukapuka Te Reo o Te Repo – The Voice of the Wetland.
He mea kawe ēnei mātaitanga i te taha raki me te taha tonga o Waikato (i Te Ika-a-Māui), engari e taea ana te whakahāngai ki ngā rohe katoa he whiro e tipu ana i reira.
Tuihonoa Te Reo o Te Repo he whakamihi me te waitohu
E tika ana kia mihia ngā ētita me ngā kaituhi o Te Reo o Te Repo – The Voice of the Wetland mō rātou i whakaae mai, i tautoko mai i te hurihanga o te pukapuka nei. Me mihi hoki ngā pūkenga o Pauline Waiti rāua ko Hēni Jacob, tae atu ki ngā kaitautoko taha pūtea, ki a Manaaki Whenua me te kaupapa Unlocking Curious Minds a te MBIE.
