Why are UV levels high in New Zealand summer?

Dr Richard McKenzie, Emeritus Researcher – Atmospheric Radiation at NIWA, Lauder, outlines three main reasons why UV levels in New Zealand during summer are higher than at an equivalent latitude in the northern hemisphere during its summer.

Transcript

Dr Richard McKenzie
The UV intensities are greater in the southern hemisphere for three main reasons.

Firstly – and surprisingly importantly – the Earth orbits the Sun in an ellipse, not a circle. The closest point of approach of the Sun to the Earth occurs in December/January, which is the southern hemisphere summer. The furthest away is in June/July, which is the northern hemisphere summer. That factor alone means that the southern hemisphere summer will have 7% more UV radiation than the northern hemisphere summer.

The second one is ozone. During the summer months, there is a lot less ozone in the southern hemisphere than in the northern hemisphere. Because ozone is generated at the equator, it gets transported to higher latitudes, and that transport is more efficient in the southern hemisphere, and that factor is about a 10% effect. The remaining 20% is due to the cleaner air we have here. And so there are those three factors which lead to the higher UV radiation intensities here, compared with corresponding latitudes in the northern hemisphere.

Acknowledgement
Dr Richard McKenzie
NIWA, Lauder
Mean daily erythemal UV dosage figures, Finnish Meteorological Institute